Eating quickly leads to overeating

[Posted: Wed 04/11/2009 by Joanne McCarthy]

Eating a meal quickly often leads to overeating because the feeling of being full is curtailed, a new study has confirmed.

Eating food quickly curtails the release of hormones in the gut that induce feelings of being full, according to the researchers. The decreased release of these hormones can often lead to overeating, they said.

"Most of us have heard that eating fast can lead to food over-consumption and obesity, and in fact some observational studies have supported this notion," said Dr Alexander Kokkinos of Laiko General Hospital in Athens, Greece, lead author of the study.

“Our study provides a possible explanation for the relationship between speed eating and overeating by showing that the rate at which someone eats may impact the release of gut hormones that signal the brain to stop eating,” he explained.

In the last few years, research regarding gut hormones has shown that their release after a meal acts on the brain and induces satiety and meal termination.

Until now, concentrations of appetite-regulating hormones have not been examined in the context of different rates of eating.

In this study, subjects consumed the same test meal, 300ml of ice-cream, at different rates. Researchers took blood samples for the measurement of glucose, insulin, plasma lipids and gut hormones before the meal and at 30 minute intervals after the beginning of eating, until the end of the session, 210 minutes later.

Researchers found that subjects who took the full 30 minutes to finish the ice cream had higher concentrations of appetite-regulating hormones and also tended to have a higher fullness rating.

"Our findings give some insight into an aspect of modern-day food overconsumption, namely the fact that many people, pressed by demanding working and living conditions, eat faster and in greater amounts than in the past," said Dr Kokkinos.

"The warning we were given as children that 'wolfing down your food will make you fat' may in fact have a physiological explanation,” he concluded.

The study was published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology.